Kale ku China, panali munthu wina dzina lake Cai Lun.Iye anabadwira m'banja wamba wamba ndipo ankalima ndi makolo ake kuyambira ali mwana.Pa nthawiyo, mfumuyi inkakonda kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu za brocade polembera.Cai Lun ankaona kuti mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri ndipo anthu wamba sakanatha kugwiritsa ntchito, choncho adatsimikiza mtima kuthana ndi mavuto ndikupeza zinthu zotsika mtengo kuti alowe m'malo.
Chifukwa cha udindo wake, Cai Lun ali ndi zikhalidwe zowonera ndikulumikizana ndi machitidwe opanga anthu.Nthawi zonse akakhala ndi nthawi yopuma, amathokoza alendo osatseka zitseko ndikupita ku msonkhano kukachita kafukufuku waukadaulo.Tsiku lina, anachita chidwi ndi mwala woperawo: pera tiriguyo kukhala ufa, ndiyeno akhoza kupanga zikondamoyo zonse zazikulu ndi zikondamoyo zopyapyala.
Mouziridwa, iye anaphwanya makungwa, nsanza, maukonde akale ophera nsomba, ndi zina zotero mu mphero ya miyala, ndipo anayesa kupanga keke, koma analephera.Pambuyo pake, inasinthidwa kukhala kugunda mwamphamvu mumtondo wamwala, kuumirira kugunda mosalekeza, ndipo potsirizira pake inasanduka phala la ufa.Pambuyo pakuviika m'madzi, filimu nthawi yomweyo idapangidwa pamwamba pamadzi.Zinkawoneka ngati pancake yopyapyala.Mwapang'onopang'ono anachisenda, ndikuchiyika pakhoma kuti chiume, ndikuyesa kulembapo.Inkiyo imauma nthawi yomweyo.Ili ndiye pepala lomwe Cai Lun adapanga zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo.
Kupangidwa kwa kupanga mapepala sikungochepetsa kwambiri mtengo wopangira zinthu, komanso kunapanga mikhalidwe yopangira zinthu zambiri.Makamaka, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa khungwa ngati zopangira kwapanga chitsanzo cha pepala lamakono lamatabwa lamatabwa ndikutsegula njira yotakata yopititsa patsogolo makampani opanga mapepala.
Pambuyo pake, kupanga mapepala kunayambika ku North Korea ndi Vietnam, zomwe zili moyandikana ndi China, kenako ku Japan.Pang’onopang’ono, maiko a kum’mwera chakum’maŵa kwa Asia anaphunzira luso la kupanga mapepala limodzi ndi linzake.Zamkati zimatengedwa kuchokera ku ulusi wa hemp, rattan, nsungwi ndi udzu.
Pambuyo pake, mothandizidwa ndi Achitchaina, Baekje anaphunzira kupanga mapepala, ndipo luso lopanga mapepala linafalikira ku Damasiko ku Syria, Cairo ku Egypt ndi Morocco.Pakufalikira kwa kupanga mapepala, zopereka za Aluya sizinganyalanyazidwe.
Azungu adaphunzira zaukadaulo wopanga mapepala kudzera mwa Arabu.Arabu adakhazikitsa fakitale yoyamba yamapepala ku Europe ku Sadiva, Spain;ndiye fakitale yoyamba yamapepala ku Italy inamangidwa ku Monte Falco;Fakitale ya mapepala inakhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi Roy;Germany, United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark ndi mayiko ena akuluakulu alinso ndi mafakitale awoawo a mapepala.
Anthu a ku Spain atasamukira ku Mexico, anayamba kukhazikitsa fakitale ya mapepala ku America;kenako anadziwitsidwa ku United States, ndipo fakitale yoyamba yamapepala inakhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi Philadelphia.Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lapitalo, kupanga mapepala ku China kunali kufalikira m'makontinenti onse asanu.
Kupanga mapepala ndi imodzi mwa "zinthu zinayi zazikuluzikuluns” ya sayansi ndi luso lazopangapanga la ku China (kampasi, kupanga mapepala, kusindikiza, ndi ufa wamfuti) ndi kusinthana kwakhudza kwambiri mbiri ya dziko.
Nyumba yakale ya Cai Lun ili ku Caizhou, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Leiyang, Hunan, China.Pali Cai Lun Memorial Hall kumadzulo kwa kontinenti, ndipo Cai Zichi ili pafupi nayo.Takulandilani kudzacheza ku China.
Mwaona, mutawerenga izo, inu mukumvetsa kumene pepalalo likuchokera, chabwino?
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-14-2022